well just running my game;)
--
Nicolai
"I am the Whistler, and I know many things, for I walk by night. I
know many strange tales, many secrets hidden in the hearts of men and
women who have stepped into the shadows. Yes, I know the nameless
terrors of which they dare not speak."
They seek him here
They seek him there.
Those Frenchies seek him everywhere.
Is he in heaven?
Or is he in hell? That damned elusive Pimpernel!
"How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the
impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth?"
The little things are infinitely more im****tant."
"I am an omnivorous reader with a strangely retentive memory for
trifles."
"choro-nik" <choro-nik@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote in message
news:WpPQe.34413$5m3.8832@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> http://tatar.yuldash.com/082.html
>
> ?? !! Metamorphosis? Or merely schitzo?
>
> --
> choro-nik
> ********
>
> "Nicolai" <nicolai.vladirmirescu@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote in message
> news:piwQe.513$Kk1.238@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>>
>> TURKOPHOBIA: ITS SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL ROOTS
>>
>> By Sabirzyan BADRETDIN
>>
>> Not a single nation or ethnic group in the world can credibly claim
>> that
>> it has never been a target for ethnic or religious prejudices. The
>> Turkic
>> peoples are certainly no exception. What are the origins of
>> hostility
>> towards the Turkic peoples?
>>
>> The roots of turkophobia go back centuries. Some stem from specific
>> historical events, such as the Russo-Turkish wars, the Tatar-Mongol
>> invasion of Russian principalities, the wars between Russia and the
>> Tatar
>> khanates, the conflicts between the Ottoman empire and its colonial
>> vassals, etc. These historical events are usually preserved in the
>> collective consciousness of the nations who were historical
>> adversaries of
>> the Turkic peoples. On an individual level, these events become
>> transformed into personal prejudices towards the contem****ary
>> descendants
>> of the earlier Turks. When an Armenian terrorist kills a Turkish
>> diplomat
>> and justifies his crime by what happened seven decades ago, before
>> he was
>> even born, he unwittingly exposes the complex interaction of
>> historical,
>> political, social and psychological factors that form the basis of
>> turkophobia.
>>
>> Another source of turkophobia is religious prejudice. Since most
>> Turkic
>> nations are Islamic, all the negative stereotypes of fundamentalist
>> Islamic intolerance and violence are inevitably projected onto the
>> Turkic
>> peoples, despite the fact that most individual Turks are either
>> secular or
>> adhere to peaceful and inoffensive interpretations of Islam. The
>> EU's
>> recent rejection of Turkey is a vivid example of such prejudice.
>>
>> One more factor that contributes to turkophobia is the geographical
>> location of the Turkic lands. Most Turkic lands are located at the
>> so-called "fault lines" of civilizations. According to Samuel P.
>> Huntington's theory of cla****ng civilizations, international
>> conflicts are
>> most likely to arise between nations that share common borders but
>> belong
>> to different religious civilizations. There are seven or eight
>> civilizations in the world: Western, Sinic (Confusian), Hindu,
>> Christian
>> Orthodox, Islamic, Japanese, Latin America and, perhaps, African.
>> Among
>> these, Islam is the only one that shares its "borders" with most
>> other
>> civilizations. Many Turkic nations happen to be located at the
>> fault lines
>> dividing these supranational entities. Even in the absence of
>> conflicts,
>> these cultural, religious and political hostilities take their toll
>> on the
>> image of Turkic peoples held by the world.
>>
>> Yet another source of turkophobia is the government-sponsored
>> propaganda
>> within the states that either border on Turkic countries or have
>> Turkic
>> minorities in their midst. Very often this propaganda is vague and
>> indirect but its detrimental effect is, nevertheless, very
>> damaging. For
>> example, Greek Cypriot politicians frequently resort to
>> anti-Turkish
>> rhetoric in order to deflect the public's attention from domestic
>> problems
>> or to win elections on a wave of popular prejudice.
>>
>> In the former Soviet Union turkophobia in the form of Tatar-ba****ng
>> was
>> especially evident during World War II. Stalin unjustly accused the
>> whole
>> Crimean Tatar nation of collaboration with the Nazis and exiled it
>> from
>> its native Crimea. He also introduced special medals and orders
>> commemorating Dmitry Donskoy and other Russian military chiefs
>> famous for
>> successfully fighting against the Tatar-Mongol invaders in the
>> 14th-15th
>> centuries. Stalin's frequent invocation of the Tatar yoke as a
>> metaphorical analogy to Hitler's invasion of Russia resulted in an
>> outburst of tatarophobia, directed against the modern Kazan Tatars,
>> despite the fact that the latter had little in common with the
>> Mongols of
>> the Middle Ages.
>>
>> Stereotypes of modern popular culture are another rich source of
>> virulent
>> turkophobia. As an example, let's take "Midnight Express," a
>> profoundly
>> disturbing film about an American who was busted for trying to
>> smuggle
>> ha****sh out of Turkey and had to spend five years in the squalor
>> and
>> terror of a Turkish prison. The film was released in 1978 and for
>> two
>> decades reenforced the negative image of Turkey in the US. Russian
>> popular
>> folklore also supplies many examples of turkophobia. A popular
>> Russian
>> proverb, "An uninvited guest is worse than a Tatar" (which
>> originally
>> referred to the Tatar-Mongols but is frequently used to taunt
>> modern
>> Tatars) was recently changed to "An uninvited guest is *better*
>> than a
>> Tatar".
>>
>> The struggle against ethnic prejudice aimed at the Turkic peoples
>> may
>> succeed only when its specific origins are taken into
>> consideration. For
>> example, the public must be educated about past historic events,
>> the
>> religious practices and beliefs of the Turkic peoples, and the
>> present
>> state of cultural and intellectual life in the Turkic nations.
>> Combating
>> prejudices in a thoughtful, logical and methodical way through
>> education
>> and outreach may be the most promising strategy in the battle
>> against
>> intolerance.
>>
>>
>> --
>>
>>
>> Nicolai
>>
>>
>> "I am the Whistler, and I know many things, for I walk by night. I
>> know
>> many strange tales, many secrets hidden in the hearts of men and
>> women who
>> have stepped into the shadows. Yes, I know the nameless terrors of
>> which
>> they dare not speak."
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> They seek him here
>> They seek him there.
>> Those Frenchies seek him everywhere.
>> Is he in heaven?
>> Or is he in hell? That damned elusive Pimpernel!
>>
>>
>> "How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the
>> impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the
>> truth?"
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> The little things are infinitely more im****tant."
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> "I am an omnivorous reader with a strangely retentive memory for
>> trifles."
>>
>>
>>
>
|
