On May 21, 12:00 pm, PaPaPeng <PaPaP...@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:
> On Wed, 21 May 2008 20:18:17 +0800, Jim Walsh
>
> <jimNOwalsSPA...@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote:
>
> >There are no races, but that does not mean that people do not identify
> >themselves as member of various groups and act accordingly.
>
> Jimbo. Try as you may your face will never pass for a Chinese.
Correct.
(1) Never forget facial resemblance enhances trust **regardless** of
underlying genetic similarties or differences. Thus regardless of
underlying genetic structures or differences, people trust with those
who are more like themselves:
http://www.facelab.org/include/download?id=3D31
Facial resemblance enhances trust
Lisa M. DeBruine
Organisms are expected to be sensitive to cues of genetic relatedness
when making decisions about social
behaviour. Relatedness can be *****sed in several ways, one of which
is phenotype matching: the *****sment
of similarity between others=92 traits and either one=92s own traits or
those of known relatives. One
candidate cue of relatedness in humans is facial resemblance. Here, I
re****t the effects of an experimental
manipulation of facial resemblance in a two-person sequential trust
game. Subjects were shown faces of
ostensible playing partners manipulated to resemble either themselves
or an unknown person. Resemblance
to the subject=92s own face raised the incidence of trusting a partner,
but had no effect on the
incidence of selfish betrayals of the partner=92s trust. Control
subjects playing with identical pictures failed
to show such an effect. In a second experiment, resemblance of the
playing partner to a familiar (famous)
person had no effect on either trusting or betrayals of trust.
(2) But at the same time we know how we identify ourselves actually
DOES correspond to underlying genetic structure (a famous landmark
paper by a presumably Chinese Hua Tang....):
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3D1196372
Tang et al. Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and
Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies.
Am J Hum Genet. 2005 February; 76(2): 268=96275.
We have analyzed genetic data for 326 microsatellite markers that were
typed uniformly in a large multiethnic population-based sample of
individuals as part of a study of the genetics of hypertension (Family
Blood Pressure Program). Subjects identified themselves as belonging
to one of four major racial/ethnic groups (white, African American,
East Asian, and Hispanic) and were recruited from 15 different
geographic locales within the United States and Taiwan. Genetic
cluster analysis of the microsatellite markers produced four major
clusters, which showed near-perfect correspondence with the four self-
re****ted race/ethnicity categories. Of 3,636 subjects of varying race/
ethnicity, only 5 (0.14%) showed genetic cluster member****p different
from their self-identified race/ethnicity. On the other hand, we
detected only modest genetic differentiation between different current
geographic locales within each race/ethnicity group. Thus, ancient
geographic ancestry, which is highly correlated with self-identified
race/ethnicity=97as opposed to current residence=97is the major
determinant of genetic structure in the U.S. population. Implications
of this genetic structure for case-control association studies are
discussed.
Maybe sometimes you just gotta trust your gut, trust your
instincts.....
|
