"Gray Ghost" <grey_ghost471-newsgroups@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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> "Reality_Check©" <Reality@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote in
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>>
>> "VTR" <vexjorge@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
> wrote in message
>> news:WJqdnTc0M4iokbbVnZ2dnUVZ_qbinZ2d@[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>>> Israel's 60 years of nuclear proliferation
>>> By Jerry Mazza
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> May 13, 2008, 00:19
>>>
>>> Perhaps it began before 1948, when Israel and Palestine were
partitioned
>>> by the UN into two
>>> separate but equal states. Perhaps the nuclear notion occurred to
David
>>> Ben-Gurion and friends
>>> in 1945, as they observed two atomic bombs dropped by the US on the
>>> Empire of Japan (mostly
>>> civilian populations) to end WW II. In fact, the nuclear solution
>>> brought about an immediate
>>> surrender.
>>>
>>> In 1948, many highly-skilled Jewish scientists who came to Palestine
>>> during the 1930s and
>>> 1940s, in particular Dr. Ernst David Bergman, who became the director
of
>>> the Israeli Atomic
>>> Energy Commission and founder of his new nation's efforts to develop
>>> nuclear weapons, joined in
>>> sup****t of Ben-Gurion. Those scientists scoured the Negev Desert for
>>> uranium deposits on orders
>>> from the Israeli Ministry of Defense. By 1950, low-grade deposits near
>>> Beersheba and Sidon were
>>> found, and their discoverers worked on a low power system of heavy
water
>>> production.
>>>
>>> After all, Israel, having created itself as a Jewish island in a sea
of
>>> angry Arabs, must have
>>> been impressed by the US bombs. Here was a way for David to slay
>>> Goliath, a nuclear slingshot, so powerful that it dared any new
>>> Holocaust seekers to attempt another. That nuclear stone,
>>> properly aimed, powered and fired, would neutralize the would-be
>>> attackers in their own
>>> Holocaust, if necessary Thus began the tyranny of the rogue nuclear
>>> power while the Goliaths of
>>> America and Russia were nuclear arming themselves to the teeth.
>>>
>>> In fact, as US Army Lt. Col. Warner D. Farr, retired, tells us of this
>>> in his must-read 27-page
>>> history of Israel's Nuclear Weapons -- The Third Temple's Holy of
>>> Holies, "As payment for
>>> Israeli participation in the Suez Crisis of 1956, France provided
>>> nuclear expertise and
>>> constructed a reactor complex for Israel at Dimona (Beersheba) capable
>>> of large-scale plutonium
>>> production and reprocessing. The United States discovered the facility
>>> in 1958 and it was a
>>> subject of continual discussions between American presidents and
Israeli
>>> prime ministers." A
>>> bit of war guilt for the Nazi and Vichy governments was mixed in as
>>> well.
>>>
>>> As Farr re****ts, "Israel used delay and deception to at first keep the
>>> United States at bay,
>>> and later used the nuclear option as a bargaining chip for a
consistent
>>> American conventional
>>> arms supply. After French disengagement in the early 1960s, Israel
>>> progressed on its own,
>>> including through several covert operations, to project completion.
>>> Before the 1967 Six-Day
>>> War, they felt their nuclear facility threatened and re****tedly
>>> assembled several nuclear
>>> devices. By the 1973 Yom Kippur War, Israel had a number of
>>> sophisticated nuclear bombs,
>>> deployed them, and considered using them. The Arabs may have limited
>>> their war aims because of
>>> their knowledge of the Israeli Nuclear weapons. . . ." And so it goes.
>>>
>>> With one of the world's largest nuclear facilities, the actual reactor
>>> nested in a deeply set
>>> basement, not available for "nuclear opacity," Israel was on its way
to
>>> becoming one of the
>>> world's larger nuclear powers and skirting observation. Israel
>>> leader****p must have breathed a
>>> sigh of relief at this Pandora's Box gifted them, as if from heaven.
Dr.
>>> Bergmann in fact
>>> continued to work closely with the newly created Weizman Institute of
>>> Science from 1949 on. In
>>> fact, they would contribute to France's development of nuclear
weapons,
>>> as well, to help it
>>> catch up with the US, USSR, UK, and Canada.
>>>
>>> Of course, by 1958, the Dimona plant, alternately called a manganese
>>> and/or textile plant, was
>>> photographed by US U-2 spy planes and identified as a likely site of a
>>> reactor complex. The
>>> French, swarming like ants about the complex, were hard to hide as
well
>>> in Beersheba, so much
>>> so that Charles DeGaulle, France's president, wanted a promise from
>>> Israel not to make nuclear
>>> weapons, and to announce the "project" to the world. Before Israel did
>>> that, they were
>>> preempted by the US State Department announcing the secret plant. Even
>>> the NY Times announced
>>> on December 21, 1960 that Ben-Gurion was building a 24-megawatt
reactor
>>> "for peaceful
>>> purposes." Sure it was.
>>>
>>> This led to a strain in relations between the two nations, with
>>> inspections beginning in 1962
>>> until 1969. In fact, the US inspectors only saw the buildings above
>>> ground, not the many levels
>>> underground. The above ground areas had simulated control rooms.
Access
>>> to the underground
>>> plutonium reprocessing plant was kept so secret that elevator
entrances
>>> to it were actually
>>> bricked over, a highly conscious deception that would cause a country
>>> like Iran today a great
>>> deal of flak, to say the least. In fact, Ben-Gurion continued to talk
>>> about peaceful uses of
>>> the plant as it sunk deeper into making nuclear weapons. This as
Israel
>>> dodged the 50's and
>>> 60's NATO and US nuclear umbrella.
>>>
>>> The French continued to partner, hand in hand, sharing even nuclear
>>> tests and data, the French
>>> re****tedly re****pping reprocessed plutonium back to Israel as payback
>>> for scientific assistance.
>>>
>>> 1963-1973, project completion
>>>
>>> Cutting through this bizarre web (all of which you should read in
Farr's
>>> article), the French
>>> continued work with Israel at Dimona, the sole purpose being to use
the
>>> underground processing
>>> plant for one use, and one use only, nuclear weapons. In fact, for
>>> accidentally passing into
>>> Dimona's airspace, Israel shot down one of its own Mirage fighters
>>> during the Six-Day War and a
>>> Libyan airliner in 1973, with 104 passengers on board, when it strayed
>>> over the Sinai. Extra
>>> heavy water to run the reactor at a higher rate was provided not only
by
>>> France, but Norway,
>>> while the US provided the uranium for "Operation Plumbat."
>>>
>>> After the '67 war, France cut off uranium supplies to Israel; supplies
>>> had come from former
>>> French colonies, Gabon, the infamous Niger (as in yellowcake), and the
>>> Central African
>>> Republic. Small quantities of uranium came from Israel's Negev
phosphate
>>> mines, while it bought
>>> quantities from Argentina and South Africa. The West Germans had a
front
>>> company for high seas
>>> transfer, which delivered 200 tons of yellowcake, delivered by the
>>> smugglers in 560 sealed oil
>>> drums labeled "Plumbat," which means lead. How clever. The complicity
of
>>> these nations remained
>>> underground as well, so as not anger the Soviets and Arabs. MOSSAD
info
>>> on former Nazi then
>>> German officials helped with motivation.
>>>
>>> The first extraction of plutonium, under Prime Minister Levi Eshkol,
>>> occurred in 1965. Unfortunately by that time, the Egyptian Air Force
had
>>> overflown Dimona and most probably
>>> recognized the presence of a nuclear reactor. Additionally, 50
American
>>> HAWK anti-aircraft
>>> missiles half-ringed the plant. Yet Israel consider Egyptian
overflights
>>> of May 16, 1967, as
>>> possible pre-strike reconnaissance, one source listing the flights as
>>> trip wires that drove
>>> Israel to war. Unfortunately, if one has powerful weapons the impulse
is
>>> to use or threaten to
>>> use them, even if cause needs to be fabricated. Fortunately, Nasser
>>> vetoed an Egyptian military
>>> plan to attack Dimona at the start of any war. Israel put together two
>>> nuclear bombs and 10
>>> days later went to war. The nuclear option was being played out.
>>>
>>> And so it went, through the 60s. Lyndon Johnson was more willing than
>>> John Kennedy to look the
>>> other way, even as Israel pressed him for A-4E Skyhawks first and F-4E
>>> Phantoms later, with an
>>> agreement not to use them to deliver nuclear weapons. Sure. The F-4s
>>> were delivered on
>>> September 5, 1969, with their nuclear capable hardware intact. So it
>>> goes. Israel and the world
>>> dig themselves deeper into a nuclear hole. See the Farr article for
>>> complete details. The next
>>> section, from 1974-1999, is called Bringing the Bomb up the Basement
>>> Stairs, that is into
>>> artillery pieces to fire nuclear shells.
>>>
>>> By 1976, even the CIA believed that the Israelis were using plutonium
>>> from Dimona and had 10 to
>>> 20 nuclear weapons available. In 1985, whistleblower Mordechai Vanunu
>>> re****ted the number of
>>> nuclear fission bombs at 200 or more, with boosted devices, neutron
>>> bombs, F-16 deliverable
>>> warheads and Jericho warheads. "The Vanunu photos show a
sophistication
>>> that inferred to the
>>> requirement for testing," comments Farr.
>>>
>>> Indian Ocean tests?
>>>
>>> On September 22, 1979, a bright familiar flash in the south Indian
Ocean
>>> was seen by an
>>> American satellite. It was believed to be a South Africa-Israel joint
>>> nuclear test. It was, as
>>> Farr re****ts, "according to some, the third test of a neutron bomb.
The
>>> first two were hidden
>>> in clouds to fool the satellite and the third was an accident -- the
>>> weather cleared." Though
>>> experts differ on these tests, other writers re****t that scientists at
>>> Los Alamos National
>>> Laboratory believed it to have been a nuclear explosion. This as a
>>> presidential panel decided otherwise.
>>>
>>> Controversy over possible nuclear testing continues until this day. In
>>> June 1998, Farr re****ts,
>>> "a Member of the Knesset accused the government of an underground test
>>> near Eilat on May 28,
>>> 1998. Egyptian 'nuclear experts' have made similar charges. The
Israeli
>>> government hotly denied
>>> the claims."
>>>
>>> In addition, the Israelis have been interested in American nuclear
>>> weapons development data,
>>> especially from US intelligence. Farr tells us, "American-born Israeli
>>> spy Jonathan Pollard
>>> obtained satellite-imaging data of the Soviet Union, allowing Israel
to
>>> target accurately
>>> Soviet Cities [after discovering they, Israel, were on a Soviet target
>>> list]. This showed
>>> Israel's intention to use its nuclear arsenal as a deterrent political
>>> lever, or retaliatory
>>> capability against the Soviet Union itself.
>>>
>>> "Israel also used American satellite imagery to plan the 7 June 1981
>>> attack on the Tammuz-1
>>> reactor at Osiraq, Iraq. This daring attack, carried out by eight
F-16's
>>> accompanied by six
>>> F-15's punched a hole in the concrete reactor dome before the reactor
>>> began operation (and just
>>> days before an Israeli election) . . . The blasts shred the reactor
and
>>> blew out the dome
>>> foundations, causing it to collapse on the rubble. This was the first
>>> attack on a nuclear
>>> reactor [Itals mine]." So Israel, US, Russia, France, et al, where do
we
>>> go from here?
>>>
>>> Perhaps to Gordon Thomas, re****ting at Globe Intel in his article,
>>> Mossad and the Russian Mafia
>>> Plutonium Connection, 11/21/03. Here is a sample. You can read the
rest
>>> . . .
>>> <>"Scientists at the European Trans-Uranium Institute at Karlsruhe in
>>> Germany, tracking the
>>> movements of all fissionable material from the former Soviet Union's
>>> nuclear arsenal, have
>>> raised suspicions that Mossad has purchased some of the material to
>>> allegedly stop it falling
>>> into the hands of Islamic and other terror groups.
>>>
>>> "But there is also the real possibility that Israel has gone into the
>>> nuclear black market to
>>> buy fissionable material to bolster its own huge nuclear arsenal.
Israel
>>> already has one of the
>>> world's largest arsenals -- more than capable of decimating all its
Arab
>>> neighbors. Its 200
>>> nuclear bombs and missiles are stockpiled in the Negev desert.
>>>
>>> "The suspicion that Israel has also started to buy material stolen
from
>>> the former Soviet Union
>>> surfaced a year ago when a quantity of Uranium-235 was found in the
>>> Paris apartment of three
>>> criminals known to broker arms deals with terror groups like al-Qaeda.
.
>>> . ."
>>>
>>> So, now we have a Wild East situation, with Israel purchasing nuclear
>>> material supposedly to
>>> stop it from falling into the hands of Al-Qaeda. It would seem said
>>> material is no safer in
>>> Israel's hands than in those of the fictional Al-Qaeda, a CIA brand
name
>>> for terror, originally
>>> created, funded, and armed to fight the Russians in 1979 in
Afghanistan.
>>> Its name was used
>>> again in 2001 to describe the patsies for 9/11, those 19 Muslim
>>> characters whose presence on
>>> the four ill-fated airliners has never been fully validated. This
brings
>>> us full circle to
>>> Israel's own participation in 9/11, a story for another day, but a
very
>>> real story.
>>>
>>> Bottom line
>>>
>>> I have not written this article to condemn Israel on its 60th
>>> anniversary as a quasi-legal
>>> state, quasi to question the UN's legitimacy to create it, and quasi
for
>>> Israel's subsequent
>>> actions to ingest and destroy the Palestinians. My aim is to point out
>>> Israel's own hypocrisy
>>> regarding Iran's possible possession of nuclear capability not just
for
>>> peacetime power. Beyond
>>> the Cold War, it is Israel that has historically been edging us into a
>>> worldwide nuclear
>>> conflagration; and doing so since 2001 with the hegemonic boobs
>>> presently running the USA and
>>> sup****ting Israel's misguided efforts with billions of dollars of aid
>>> for arms in the hope that
>>> it will keep the Arab world intimidated and give us its oil.
>>>
>>> I also understand the motivation of the Israeli founders in seeking a
>>> nuclear option as a
>>> deterrent to another Holocaust. But they have created now what Seymour
>>> Hirsch noted as "The
>>> Samson Option," which is to bring down the whole world on our heads to
>>> prevent what seems a
>>> self-fulfilling prophecy of Holocaust.
>>>
>>> As a rogue nation, under its own impetus, Israel should invoke its
>>> Talmudic and biblical
>>> conscience, take a breath, and rethink where they are, who they are,
>>> what they are doing, and
>>> to whom. The survival of Israel's Zionist State of Mind should not be
>>> contingent on the
>>> potential destruction of the world. That is as simply, as
>>> compassionately, as reasonably as I can state it. After my voice, will
>>> come voices far more strident and ugly, as you can imagine.
>>>
>>> Trust me. Put aside your arms and put aside your bunker mentality to
>>> talk peacefully. Jerry Mazza is a freelance writer living in New York.
>>
>>
>>
>
> One name, Chamberlin. Talk worked out real well for him, didn't it. He
> even
> got a signed piece of paper.
So anyone with a beef against the U$A should resort to violence first,
since
"talk"
is bull****, eh numbnuts?
>
> Frank
|
