Old=F8ich K=FDn: =8Avejnar kontra Klaus
Kter=E9ho z nich volit nen=ED m=F9j probl=E9m, proto=9Ee u=9E dlouho jsem
Am=
eri=E8an
a ne ob=E8an =C8esk=E9 republiky. Cht=ECl bych dodat, =9Ee oba kandid=E1ty
n=
a
prezidenta pova=9Euji nejen za dobr=E9 ale dokonce za velmi dobr=E9
ekonomy
a oba jsou tak=E9 ji=9E zna=E8n=EC dlouho m=FDmi velmi dobr=FDmi
p=F8=E1tely=
, co=9E v=9Aak
neznamen=E1, =9Ee bych musel souhlasit se v=9Aemi jejich n=E1zory. Chci
p=F8isp=ECt k vyvr=E1cen=ED n=ECkter=FDch nespr=E1vn=FDch informac=ED a
=E8a=
sto tak=E9
zlomysln=FDch =FAtok=F9, kter=E9 se objevuj=ED v tisku a hlavn=EC tak=E9
na =
r=F9zn=FDch
webov=FDch str=E1nk=E1ch. Proto jsem na sv=E9m webu vytvo=F8il str=E1nku
nazvanou Volba presidenta, =8Avejnar kontra Klaus
Je to na n=E1sleduj=EDc=ED adrese
http://econc10.bu.edu/Czech_rep/volba_pr=
esidenta.htm
Tady uvedu jen stru=E8n=FD v=FDtah n=ECkter=FDch bod=F9 z t=E9 str=E1nky.
Jan Borovi=E8ka na webov=E9m blogu iDnes m=E1 =E8l=E1nek s n=E1zvem
=93V=E1c=
lav Klaus
=96 sp=ED=9Ae pav=ECdec, ne=9E v=ECdec=93
(http://borovicka.blog.idnes.cz/c/=
20530/
Vaclav-Klaus-spise-pavedec-nez-vedec.html#t2) z n=ECho=9E cituji
=84Jan =8Avejnar v rozhovoru pro LN 26. listopadu 2007 prohl=E1sil:
=84V=E1c=
lav
Klaus nikdy nebyl v=ECdeck=FDm pracovn=EDkem. ... Nikdy se mu nepoda=F8ilo
proniknout do sv=ECtov=FDch v=ECdeck=FDch =E8asopis=F9 a za=F8adit se tak
do=
ranku
kvalitn=EDch ekonom=F9.=93
=84Po=E8et Klausov=FDch publikac=ED nen=ED mal=FD, ale jejich ohlas ve
sv=
=ECt=EC
(citovanost) je prakticky nulov=FD, co=9E by mohlo sv=ECd=E8it o jejich
nicotn=E9m p=F8=EDnosu. =93
Omyl! Vaclav Klaus i jeho man=9Eelka Livie byli po ur=E8itou dobu
v=ECdeck=FDmi pracovn=EDky na Ekonomick=E9m =FAstavu =C8SAV v Praze kde
tak=
=E9 Klaus
d=EClal aspiranturu. J=E1 je oba zn=E1m velmi dob=F8e ji=9E od
=9Aedes=E1t=
=FDch let.
S=E1m V=E1clav Klaus ve stati M=EDsto autobiografie, z knihy NAROVINU
hovory=
V.K. s Petrem H=E1jkem o tom p=ED=9Ae =93Pod veden=EDm vedouc=EDho odboru
v=
=FDzkumu
soudob=E9ho kapitalismu a nemarxistick=FDch ekonomick=FDch teori=ED
Lu=EFka
Urbana ... m=EDsto toho, za co jsme byli placeni, to znamen=E1 kritizovat
nemarxistickou ekonomii, prov=E1d=ECl prav=FD opak. Studovali jsme
ekonomii=
nemarxistickou a kritizovali ekonomii marxistickou. (Cht=ECl bych zm=EDnit
jm=E9na t=ECch, kte=F8=ED tam tehdy p=F8edstavovali o generaci star=9A=ED
sk=
upinu
m=FDch koleg=F9 a u=E8itel=F9, od nich=9E jsem se mnoho nau=E8il J.
Jani=
=9A, M.
Rumler, O. K=FDn, V. Muller, J. Chlumsk=FD, L. Smetana a ....Rita
Bud=EDnov=
=E1
Kl=EDmov=E1) V t=E9 chv=EDli jsem objevil Samuelsonovu u=E8ebnici
Economics =
a
spoustu u=E8ebnic dal=9A=EDch, daleko slo=9Eit=ECj=9A=EDch.... Velikou
roli =
v tom
sehr=E1lo sezn=E1men=ED se zn=E1mou p=F8=ED o socialismus, kterou v
t=F8ic=
=E1t=FDch
letech vedli Mises a Hayek na stran=EC jedn=E9 a Lange a Lerner na
stran=EC
druh=E9. M=E9 srdce ji=9E tehdy st=E1lo zcela jednozna=E8n=EC na stran=EC
pr=
v=E9 a
postupn=E9 objevov=E1n=ED jednoho Hayekova d=EDla za druh=FDm mi
dod=E1valo =
dal=9A=ED
a dal=9A=ED argumenty.=93
Mohu potvrdit, =9Ee Klaus m=E1 v tomto pravdu. ... Nap=F8=EDklad V=E1clav
Mu=
ller
a j=E1 jsme publikovali v =E8asopise Politick=E1 ekonomie =E8l=E1nek
Kritick=
y o
kritice nemarxistick=E9 ekonomie, jeho=9E n=E1zev mluv=ED s=E1m za sebe.
Rit=
a
Bud=EDnov=E1 s mou =E8=E1ste=E8nou pomoc=ED tak=E9 p=F8elo=9Eila
Samuelsonov=
u
u=E8ebnici. ... Prvni d=F9kladn=FD =E8esk=FD =E8l=E1nek o zm=EDn=ECn=E9
disk=
usi jsem
napsal s Drago Fi=9Aerem a publikoval v Politick=E9 ekonomii v roce 1967
(http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26/1/MPRA_paper_26.pdf
) . O rok
pozd=ECji pak vy=9Ael v Ekonomick=E9 revui m=F9j krat=9A=ED =E8l=E1nek o
Mis=
esovi
nazvan=FD V=FDzva marxistick=E9 ekonomii
(http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/=
wpawuwpdc/0509028.htm)
V roce 2003 publikoval Peter Boettke na str=E1nk=E1ch webu von Misesova
institutu =E8l=E1nek Milton and Rose Friedman=92s =93Free to Choose=94
and =
Its
Impact in the Global Movement Toward Free Market Policy: 1979 =962003.
(http://www.dallasfed.org/research/pubs/ftc/boettke.pdf)
V prvn=ED =E8=E1sti p=ED=9Ae Boettke o vlivu uveden=E9 knihy v
z=E1padn=EDch=
zem=EDch a
pak se obrac=ED k zem=EDm b=FDval=E9ho komunismu
=93Friedman=92s insights into the nature of real-existing communist
economies were im****tant for a variety of reasons that would later
prove crucial during the transition period. =85 Friedman himself
advocated a free distribution of shares of the state enterprises and
then allowing citizens to freely buy or sell the shares in an open
market. =85 the most successful economic reformers in Poland and the
Czech Republic borrowed from Friedman more than a frame of reference.
=85 Jeffrey Sachs (1993, 87), Anders Aslund (2002, 256), and Marshall
Goldman (2003, 196) all credit Friedman as the =93godfather=94 of the
voucher privatization proposals =85. Perhaps the strongest endorsement
of a direct influence of Milton Friedman guiding the transition
experience comes from Vaclav Klaus, and thus it is worth quoting him
at length from a speech he gave at the Prague School of Economics on
the occasion of awarding an honorary doctorate to Milton Friedman on
April 17, 1997: =93Reading and studying Milton Friedman=92s works helped
me and many of us to understand economic reality, to understand
economics=85 Surely there were other influential authors but there was
no one comparable in intellectual and human integrity, in firmness of
stances and attitudes, in innovative boldness.... With Milton
Friedman=92s works as our background we had no dreams about the so-
called third ways, about perestroika, about the reformability of
communism. =85=94
Klaus=92s words touch on the themes we have emphasized as coming out of
Capitalism and Freedom and Free to Choose with regard to the power of
markets and the tyranny of controls, and clearly state how Friedman=92s
ideas guided the construction of economic policy during the
transition. How have these policies fared? =85 As Vladimir Dlouhy, the
former minister of industry and trade of the Czech Republic has put
it: =93If someone would have told me in 1989 that by 2009 we would have
a capitalist economy, the rule of law, a stable democracy, European
integration, etc., etc., I would have told them they were crazy. =85
When you look at a longer term horizon, the progress is breathtaking =93
Podle Boettkeho to byl pr=E1v=EC Milton Friedman, kdo p=F8i=9Ael s
my=9Alenk=
ou
privatizace formou rozd=EClen=ED akci=ED st=E1tn=EDch podnik=F9 mezi
obyvate=
lstvo,
=9Ee v=9Aak take uv=E1d=ECl, =9Ee je p=F8i tom nutn=FD voln=FD trh s
akciemi=
.. Boettke
taky dod=E1v=E1, =9Ee je dnes jasn=E9, =9Ee to m=EClo b=FDt dob=F8e
instituc=
i=E1ln=EC
zaji=9At=ECno. Tyto dva body se take objevily v Prohl=E1=9Aen=ED
nez=E1vis=
=FDch
ekonom=F9, kter=E9 sice kritizovalo n=ECkter=E9 chyby ale na rozd=EDl od
levicov=FDch kritik=F9 schvalovalo z=E1kladn=ED body Klausovy
transformacn=
=ED
strategie. Zde je stru=E8n=FD v=FDtah z tohoto prohl=E1=9Aen=ED
=84PROHL=C1=8AEN=CD =C8ESK=DDCH A SLOVENSK=DDCH NEZ=C1VISL=DDCH EKONOM=D9
(P=
ublikov=E1no v
Lidov=FDch novin=E1ch, 31.12.1991)
http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/wpawuwpdc/0510005.htm
=85.. chceme zd=F9raznit, =9Ee nevid=EDme =9E=E1dnou leh=E8=ED cestu,
ne=9E =
cestu
parlamentn=ED demokracie zalo=9Een=E9 na sout=EC=9Ei politick=FDch stran a
c=
estu
transformace ekonomiky na tr=9En=ED syst=E9m op=EDraj=EDc=ED se o
konkurenci=
,
soukrom=E9 vlastnictv=ED a otev=F8enost navenek i dovnit=F8. Na rozd=EDl
od
jin=FDch pozorovatel=F9 v=EC=F8=EDme, =9Ee proces ekonomick=E9
transformace =
je v
z=E1sad=EC =FAsp=EC=9An=FD a je t=F8eba jej nikoliv p=F8ibrzdit, ale
v=FDraz=
n=EC
urychlit.....
PRINCIPY JSOU V PO=D8=C1DKU ... nepova=9Eujeme za chybn=E9, =9Ee se v
sou=E8=
asn=E9
dob=EC soust=F8e=EFuje pozornost a energie vl=E1dy na privatizaci
hospod=E1=F8stv=ED. Bez rychl=E9 zm=ECny vlastnick=FDch pr=E1v nen=ED
mo=9En=
=E9 vytvo=F8it
funguj=EDc=ED a konkurence schopn=E9 tr=9En=ED hospod=E1=F8stv=ED. ...
jsme =
tak=E9
hluboce p=F8esv=ECd=E8eni, =9Ee formy zam=ECstnaneck=E9ho vlastnictv=ED
nema=
j=ED ve
v=ECt=9Ain=EC p=F8=EDpad=F9 dostate=E8n=E9 motiva=E8n=ED efekty....
ROZ=8A=CD=D8IT Z=C1B=CCR Dosavadn=ED strategie se v=9Aak nevyvarovala
v=EDce=
=E8i m=E9n=EC
z=E1va=9En=FDch nedostatk=F9... T=F8et=ED chybou byl z=E1kaz prodeje
privati=
za=E8n=EDch
kup=F3n=F9, proto=9Ee to zbr=9E=EFuje proces koncentrace kapi=ACt=E1lu,
sni=
=9Euje
efektivnost kapit=E1lo=ACv=E9ho trhu a v=F9bec =9Akod=ED
d=F9v=ECryhodnosti
privatizace v o=E8=EDch ve=F8ej=ACnosti. ...Za p=E1tou chybu dosavadn=ED
eko=ACnomick=E9 politiky pova=9Eujeme ma=AClou pod****u rozvoji
bankovn=EDch,=
da=F2ov=FDch a zejm=E9na pr=E1vn=EDch insti=ACtuc=ED. Privatizace,
restituce=
, rozvoj
no=ACv=FDch podnik=F9, ... to v=9Ae vy=9Eaduje, aby pr=E1vn=ED syst=E9m
byl =
schopen
zabezpe=E8it efektivn=ED vykon=E1v=E1n=ED vlastnick=FDch pr=E1v mezi
ekonomi=
ck=FDmi
subjekty....=93
Toto prohl=E1=9Aen=ED podepsali Vladim=EDr Ben=E1=E8ek, Ale=9A Bul=ED=F8,
Ji=
=F8=ED
Hlav=E1=E8ek, Milan Hornia=E8ek, Ji=F8=ED Kosta, Karel Kouba, Jozef
Ku=E8er=
=E1k,
Old=F8ich K=FDn, Michal Mejst=F8=EDk, Pavel Pelik=E1n, Ji=F8=ED Sl=E1ma,
Zde=
n=ECk
T=F9=ACma, Petr Za=AChradn=EDk, Alena Zemplinerov=E1 ale Jan =8Avejnar to
vysloven=EC odm=EDtl podepsat.
V dob=EC kdy =8Avejnar studoval a pak u=E8il na Cornelu, tam byl
professorem=
ekonomie tak=E9 Jaroslav Van=ECk, kter=FD je velmi zn=E1m=FDm zast=E1ncem
t=
=F8et=ED
cesty. V New Renaissance magazine Vol. 5, No. 1 (http://www.ru.org/
51cooper.html) je interview Alberta Perkinse s Jaroslavem Va=F2kem. Tam
se m=F9=9Eeme do=E8=EDst: =93Jaroslav Van=ECk is Professor of Economics
at
Cornell University, where he directs the program on "Participation and
Labor Managed Systems" . Van=ECk is a leading authority on, and advocate
of, cooperative economics. He is currently working on strategies for
the transition to worker-managed economies in post-communist
countries.=94
Jan =8Avejnar byl patrn=EC Va=F2kem zna=E8n=EC ovlivn=ECn. Je to vid=ECt z
t=
oho, =9Ee
krom=EC mnoha jin=FDch funkc=ED byl take Presidentem International
Association for the Economics of Labor-Management a tak=E9 z toho, =9Ee
velmi zna=E8n=E1 =E8=E1st jeho publikac=ED se t=FDk=E1 tohoto t=E9matu.
=8Avejnar publikoval take hodn=EC - o transformaci hospod=E1=F8stv=ED
d=F8=
=EDve
komunistick=FDch zem=ED. I v t=ECchto publikac=EDch se objevovalo v=FD=9Ae
u=
veden=E9
t=E9ma. Tak nap=F8=EDklad v =E8l=E1nku "A Framework for the Economic
Transformation of Czechoslovakia," Planecon Re****t, Vol. 5, No. 52,
December 1989, pp. 1-18, reprinted in East European Economies, Czech
version in Lidove Noviny-Archy, Oct. 1990, lze =E8=EDsti =93If historical
evidence is any guide, the industrial relations system will be
characterized by the emergence of economically-oriented trade unions
and some form of worker participation in management =85 these
institutions may play a positive social as well as economic part. =85
Empirical evidence from Western countries =85 suggests that it might be
desirable to combine participation with appropriately designed profit
sharing and worker owner****p schemes. =85.=94
Stru=E8n=FD z=E1v=ECr: Klaus i =8Avejnar jsou velmi dob=F8=ED
ekonomov=E9, =
kte=F8=ED maj=ED
hodn=EC kvalitn=EDch publikac=ED a jsou oba ve sv=ECt=EC zn=E1m=ED a
respek=
tovan=ED.
Z=E1sadn=ED rozd=EDl mezi nimi jako ekonomy je v tom =9Ee Klaus je jasn=EC
liber=E1ln=ED (v Evropsk=E9m smyslu) =E8ili Chicago School ekonom, to
jest =
je
pro voln=FD trh, soukrom=E9 vlastnictv=ED a minim=E1lni z=E1sahy st=E1tu
do
hospod=E1=F8stv=ED, zat=EDm co =8Avejnar je sice take pro voln=FD trh ale
se=
sm=ED=9Aen=FDm vlastnictv=EDm, zahrnuj=EDc=EDm take d=EClnick=FD nebo
sp=ED=
=9Ae
zam=ECstnaneck=FD pod=EDl na =F8izen=ED a take na zisku a vlastnictv=ED
pod=
nik=F9 a
je tak=E9 pro v=FDznamnou roli st=E1tu. Tedy Klaus je pro
hospod=E1=F8sk=FD=
transit do kapitalismu a =8Avejnar sp=ED=9Ae pro t=F8et=ED cestu podobn=EC
j=
ako
byl =8Aik, Zeman nebo Zelen=FD.
|
